War Balance
Has Europe paid Russia more than it gave Ukraine since 2022?
From 2022 to August 2026, the 41 European countries listed paid Russia €459bn for fuel and other goods, more than the €249bn they gave Ukraine in support (aid, their share of EU aid and refugee hosting). For the EU's 27 members: €405bn paid to Russia, €209bn in support.
These numbers measure money: aid to Ukraine and the change in what Russia keeps from trade, against a world without the war. Weapons count at their money value: aid at market value when delivered, weapons and troops sent to Russia at the seller's gain where Russia paid and in full where it did not. Votes, diplomacy and intent are not in them.
EU countries (27): Support for Ukraine: +€209bn (+1.2% of GDP) · Russia kept from trade, vs no war: €219bn less (1.3% of GDP less) · Russian money frozen (return lost): €36.2bn (0.21% of GDP) · Net: +€463bn (+2.7% of GDP)
Ranking · 41
Sorted by “Support for Ukraine” in euros, high to low, 2022 to August 2026. + adds to its support for Ukraine, − takes from it; more or less: how much more or less Russia kept (taxes and profit, not sales) than in a world without the war; + toward Ukraine, − toward Russia.
Europe here: the EU, the United Kingdom, the EFTA states, the Western Balkans, Moldova and the small European states. Türkiye and the South Caucasus are left out (each has its own page); so is Belarus, a party to the war. Paid Russia: recorded payments since 2022, gross (fuel, goods, services and more).
| # | Country | Support for Ukraine | Paid Russia since 2022 | Russia kept from its purchases, vs no war | Net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | +€74.8bn+1.8% of GDP · +€896 per personlikely 1.6% to 2.3%very likely · >99% | €69.3bn1.7% of GDP | €64.6bn less1.5% of GDP less | +€153bn+3.7% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 2 | Netherlands | +€22.8bn+2.2% of GDP · +€1,269 per personlikely 1.8% to 2.6%very likely · >99% | €31.7bn3.0% of GDP | €28.6bn less2.7% of GDP less | +€54.1bn+5.1% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 3 | United Kingdom | +€18.4bn+0.58% of GDP · +€266 per personlikely 0.45% to 0.78%very likely · >99% | €15.3bn0.48% of GDP | €26.3bn less0.82% of GDP less | +€58.4bn+1.8% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 4 | France | +€16.9bn+0.60% of GDP · +€246 per personlikely 0.46% to 0.88%very likely · >99% | €40.2bn1.4% of GDP | €18.7bn less0.67% of GDP less | +€43.6bn+1.6% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 5 | Poland | +€14.2bn+1.9% of GDP · +€387 per personlikely 0.36% to 3.1%very likely · 98% | €22.5bn3.0% of GDP | €21.9bn less2.9% of GDP less | +€37.8bn+5.0% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 6 | Norway | +€12.8bn+2.5% of GDP · +€2,298 per personlikely 2.1% to 3.2%very likely · >99% | €3.1bn0.60% of GDP | €2bn less0.39% of GDP less | +€14.8bn+2.9% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 7 | Italy | +€12.7bn+0.60% of GDP · +€215 per personlikely 0.46% to 0.82%very likely · >99% | €39.1bn1.8% of GDP | €19.3bn less0.91% of GDP less | +€34.4bn+1.6% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 8 | Denmark | +€11.2bn+2.9% of GDP · +€1,878 per personlikely 2.3% to 3.7%very likely · >99% | €3.2bn0.85% of GDP | €3.1bn less0.80% of GDP less | +€15.5bn+4.0% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 9 | Sweden | +€8.8bn+1.6% of GDP · +€833 per personlikely 1.2% to 2.4%very likely · >99% | €4.1bn0.76% of GDP | €8bn less1.5% of GDP less | +€20.1bn+3.7% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 10 | Spain | +€8.4bn+0.56% of GDP · +€171 per personlikely 0.44% to 0.79%very likely · >99% | €18.4bn1.2% of GDP | €5.6bn less0.37% of GDP less | +€16.6bn+1.1% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 11 | Switzerland | +€8.3bn+0.97% of GDP · +€922 per personlikely 0.82% to 1.2%very likely · >99% | €19.9bn2.3% of GDP | €2.2bn more0.26% of GDP more | +€8.7bn+1.0% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 12 | Ireland | +€7.5bn+1.4% of GDP · +€1,395 per personlikely 1.1% to 1.7%very likely · >99% | €1.6bn0.30% of GDP | €0.95bn less0.18% of GDP less | +€9.5bn+1.8% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 13 | Belgium | +€5.8bn+0.97% of GDP · +€486 per personlikely 0.75% to 1.4%very likely · >99% | €24.7bn4.2% of GDP | €3.7bn less0.63% of GDP less | +€20.3bn+3.4% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 14 | Finland | +€5.3bn+1.9% of GDP · +€940 per personlikely 1.6% to 2.5%very likely · >99% | €10.7bn3.9% of GDP | €16bn less5.9% of GDP less | +€23.1bn+8.5% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 15 | Czechia | +€4.1bn+1.3% of GDP · +€379 per personlikely 0.88% to 1.9%very likely · >99% | €21.4bn6.9% of GDP | €3.4bn less1.1% of GDP less | +€8bn+2.6% of GDPvery likely · 97% |
| 16 | Austria | +€3.7bn+0.79% of GDP · +€407 per personlikely 0.60% to 1.1%very likely · >99% | €19.4bn4.1% of GDP | €1.7bn more0.36% of GDP more | +€2.1bn+0.45% of GDPlikely toward Ukraine · 68% |
| 17 | Romania | +€1.8bn+0.58% of GDP · +€96 per personlikely 0.39% to 0.81%very likely · >99% | €7.1bn2.2% of GDP | €6.7bn less2.1% of GDP less | +€8.9bn+2.8% of GDPvery likely · 99% |
| 18 | Greece | +€1.4bn+0.65% of GDP · +€138 per personlikely 0.45% to 1.2%very likely · >99% | €18.9bn8.5% of GDP | €0.29bn more0.13% of GDP more | +€0.18bn+0.08% of GDPessentially zero |
| 19 | Portugal | +€1.3bn+0.49% of GDP · +€124 per personlikely 0.35% to 0.74%very likely · >99% | €1.7bn0.63% of GDP | €1.8bn less0.67% of GDP less | +€3.5bn+1.3% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 20 | Lithuania | +€1.3bn+1.8% of GDP · +€452 per personlikely 1.1% to 2.6%very likely · >99% | €3.7bn5.1% of GDP | €7.1bn less9.7% of GDP less | +€8.8bn+11.9% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 21 | Slovakia | +€1.1bn+0.89% of GDP · +€198 per personlikely 0.45% to 1.4%very likely · >99% | €14.4bn11.9% of GDP | €0.96bn more0.79% of GDP more | +€0.29bn+0.24% of GDPtoo close to call · 58% toward Ukraine |
| 22 | Estonia | +€0.92bn+2.4% of GDP · +€667 per personlikely 1.8% to 3.4%very likely · >99% | €2.5bn6.7% of GDP | €3.1bn less8.1% of GDP less | +€4.1bn+10.8% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 23 | Luxembourg | +€0.77bn+0.94% of GDP · +€1,131 per personlikely 0.57% to 1.9%very likely · >99% | €0.55bn0.68% of GDP | €0.63bn less0.77% of GDP less | +€2.9bn+3.5% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 24 | Latvia | +€0.75bn+1.9% of GDP · +€405 per personlikely 1.4% to 2.8%very likely · >99% | €2.9bn7.5% of GDP | €1.4bn less3.5% of GDP less | +€2.2bn+5.6% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 25 | Bulgaria | +€0.68bn+0.72% of GDP · +€106 per personlikely 0.30% to 1.3%very likely · >99% | €8.1bn8.5% of GDP | €2.3bn less2.5% of GDP less | +€3.1bn+3.3% of GDPlikely toward Ukraine · 95% |
| 26 | Hungary | +€0.68bn+0.36% of GDP · +€71 per personlikely 0.17% to 0.53%very likely · >99% | €30.6bn16.1% of GDP | €11.5bn more6.0% of GDP more | −€11.4bn−6.0% of GDPvery likely · 97% |
| 27 | Croatia | +€0.66bn+0.85% of GDP · +€170 per personlikely 0.64% to 1.2%very likely · >99% | €1.8bn2.3% of GDP | €0.43bn less0.55% of GDP less | +€1.2bn+1.5% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 28 | Slovenia | +€0.49bn+0.78% of GDP · +€232 per personlikely 0.50% to 1.5%very likely · >99% | €3.2bn5.2% of GDP | €0.13bn more0.20% of GDP more | +€0.42bn+0.66% of GDPlikely toward Ukraine · 88% |
| 29 | Cyprus | +€0.42bn+1.3% of GDP · +€309 per personlikely 0.45% to 3.6%very likely · >99% | €2bn6.1% of GDP | €0.38bn less1.2% of GDP less | +€1.2bn+3.6% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 30 | Iceland | +€0.27bn+0.91% of GDP · +€686 per personlikely 0.40% to 2.3%very likely · >99% | €80m0.27% of GDP | €80m less0.27% of GDP less | +€0.35bn+1.2% of GDPvery likely · >99% |
| 31 | Malta | +€0.11bn+0.52% of GDP · +€188 per personlikely 0.31% to 1.1%very likely · >99% | €0.58bn2.8% of GDP | €0.15bn less0.71% of GDP less | +€0.25bn+1.2% of GDPvery likely · 95% |
| 32 | Moldova | +€93m+0.61% of GDP · +€39 per personlikely from 0.40% below zero to 1.2% above zerolikely above zero · 81% | €2.4bn15.9% of GDP | €0.96bn less6.3% of GDP less | +€1.1bn+6.9% of GDPvery likely · 97% |
| 33 | North Macedonia | +€61m+0.42% of GDP · +€34 per personlikely 0.24% to 0.62%very likely · >99% | €1.5bn10.0% of GDP | €0.36bn more2.5% of GDP more | −€0.30bn−2.1% of GDPlikely toward Russia · 87% |
| 34 | Montenegro | +€24m+0.34% of GDP · +€38 per personlikely 0.04% to 1.1%very likely · 97% | €0.22bn3.1% of GDP | €9m more0.13% of GDP more | +€25m+0.37% of GDPlikely toward Ukraine · 91% |
| 35 | Albania | +€20m+0.09% of GDP · +€8 per personlikely from <0.01% below zero to 0.36% above zeroessentially zero | €0.70bn3.2% of GDP | €4m more0.02% of GDP more | +€16m+0.07% of GDPessentially zero |
| 36 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | +€2m<0.01% of GDP · +€1 per personlikely from 0.07% below zero to 0.03% above zeroessentially zero | €1.4bn5.6% of GDP | €0.14bn less0.55% of GDP less | +€0.14bn+0.56% of GDPlikely toward Ukraine · 85% |
| 37 | Faroe Islands small economy | +€1m+0.03% of GDP · +€20 per personlikely from 0.01% below zero to 0.04% above zeroessentially zero | €0.16bn4.5% of GDP | €8m less0.23% of GDP less | +€11m+0.32% of GDPtoo close to call · 56% toward Ukraine |
| 38 | Andorra small economy | <€1m<0.01% of GDP · <€1 per personabout 0essentially zero | €11m0.31% of GDP | – | – |
| 39 | Gibraltar small economy | <€1m<0.01% of GDP · <€1 per personabout 0essentially zero | €0.38bn10.5% of GDP | €15m less0.42% of GDP less | +€15m+0.42% of GDPtoo close to call · 56% toward Ukraine |
| 40 | Kosovo | −€1m−0.01% of GDP · −€1 per personlikely from 0.34% below zero to 0.02% above zeroessentially zero | €69m0.72% of GDP | €0.12bn less1.3% of GDP less | +€0.11bn+1.1% of GDPlikely toward Ukraine · 91% |
| 41 | Serbia | −€2m<0.01% of GDP · <€1 per personlikely from 0.10% below zero to 0.04% above zeroessentially zero | €9.5bn12.9% of GDP | €0.94bn more1.3% of GDP more | −€1.1bn−1.4% of GDPlikely toward Russia · 84% |
Each row: the best estimate, then its range and the chance of its direction, as in the country's panel.
Questions
Has Europe paid Russia more than aid to Ukraine?
In gross money, Europe paid Russia €459bn from 2022 to August 2026, more than its support for Ukraine (€249bn). But a payment is not all a gain for Russia: what counts on this site is the change in what Russia kept (taxes and profit) against a world without the war, with what Europe would then have bought. On that measure, Russia kept €229bn less from Europe's purchases than it would have without the war.
How much did the EU pay Russia since 2022?
The 27 EU members paid Russia €405bn from 2022 to August 2026; their support for Ukraine came to €209bn (1.2% of their combined GDP), including their shares of EU-level aid.
Which European countries paid Russia the most?
In gross money since 2022 the list starts with Germany, France and Italy: €69.3bn for Germany. Each country's page gives what it paid Russia and how much more or less Russia kept from it than without the war.
Related
Ranking · Support for Ukraine by country · Trade with Russia by country · All topics · How it works
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Cite as: War Balance, figures to August 2026, https://warbalance.org/europe-energy-payments-vs-aid/